See twīfl on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"lang_code": "stq",
"word": "Twieuwel"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "twivel"
}
],
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"word": "twīfil"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"lang_code": "stq",
"word": "Twieuwel"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "twivel"
}
],
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"word": "twīvel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"lang_code": "pdt",
"word": "Twiewel"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tvivl"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tvivel"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tvil"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tvil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "twīvel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"lang_code": "pdt",
"word": "Twiewel"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tvivl"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tvivel"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tvil"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tvil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "twīfel"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "*twīfal"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "twijfel"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "twiefel"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "twivel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "twijfel"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "twiefel"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "twifel"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "twīfal"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "twijfel"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "twiefel"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "twivel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "twijfel"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "twiefel"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "twifel"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "twīval"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Zweifel"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "Zweiwel"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "zwīvel"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "zwīfal"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*twīflaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/twīflaz"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "gem-pro:*twīflaz"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*twīflaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*twīfl\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" }\" data-lang=\"gmw-pro\" data-title=\"*twīfl\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*twīflaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *twīflaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *twīflaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "twīfl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīfla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīflōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twīfl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīfla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīflā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twīflas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīflō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twīflē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīflum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twīflu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīflum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*twīfl m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/twīfl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "twīflijan"
},
{
"word": "twīflōn"
}
],
"glosses": [
"doubt"
],
"id": "en-twīfl-gmw-pro-noun-xnYOgOMy",
"links": [
[
"doubt",
"doubt"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*twihō"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "twīfl"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "twīflijan"
},
{
"word": "twīflōn"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"lang_code": "stq",
"word": "Twieuwel"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "twivel"
}
],
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"word": "twīfil"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"lang_code": "stq",
"word": "Twieuwel"
},
{
"lang": "West Frisian",
"lang_code": "fy",
"word": "twivel"
}
],
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"word": "twīvel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"lang_code": "pdt",
"word": "Twiewel"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tvivl"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tvivel"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tvil"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tvil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "twīvel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"lang_code": "pdt",
"word": "Twiewel"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tvivl"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tvivel"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tvil"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "tvil"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "twīfel"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "*twīfal"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "twijfel"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "twiefel"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "twivel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "twijfel"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "twiefel"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "twifel"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "twīfal"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "twijfel"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "twiefel"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "twivel"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "twijfel"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "twiefel"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "twifel"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "twīval"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Zweifel"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "Zweiwel"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "zwīvel"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "zwīfal"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*twīflaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/twīflaz"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "gem-pro:*twīflaz"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*twīflaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*twīfl\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" }\" data-lang=\"gmw-pro\" data-title=\"*twīfl\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*twīflaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *twīflaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *twīflaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "twīfl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīfla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīflōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twīfl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīfla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīflā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twīflas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīflō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twīflē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīflum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twīflu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twīflum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*twīfl m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/twīfl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with etymon",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dwóh₁",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"doubt"
],
"links": [
[
"doubt",
"doubt"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*twihō"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "twīfl"
}
Download raw JSONL data for twīfl meaning in All languages combined (5.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.